# API References ### Methods of the Chain Object This section describes some methods of the Chain object, including: Chain.load, Chain.store, Chain.del, Chain.getBlockHash, Chain.tlog, Chain.getAccountMetadata, Chain.getBalance, Chain.getAccountAsset, Chain.getContractProperty, Chain.payCoin, Chain.issueAsset, Chain.payAsset, Chain.delegateCall, Chain.delegateQuery, Chain.contractCall, Chain.contractQuery, and Chain.contractCreate. #### Chain.load * Description Get the metadata information of the contract account. * Function call ```javascript Chain.load(metadata_key); ``` * Parameter description * Metadata\_key: The keyword for metadata. * Example ```javascript let value = Chain.load('abc'); /* Permission: Read-only. Return value: Return a string if it succeeds, such as 'values'; return false if it fails. */ ``` #### Chain.store * Description Store the metadata information of the contract account. * Function call ```javascript Chain.store(metadata_key, metadata_value); ``` * Parameter description * metadata\_key: The keyword for metadata. * metadata\_key: The content of metadata. * Example ```javascript Chain.store('abc', 'values'); /* Permission: Write Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails */ ``` #### Chain.del * Description Delete the metadata information of the contract account. * Function call ```javascript Chain.del(metadata_key); ``` * Parameter description * metadata\_key: The keyword for metadata. * metadata\_key: The metadata content. * Example ```javascript Chain.del('abc'); /* Permission: Write Return: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails */ ``` #### Chain.getBlockHash * Description Get block information. * Function call ```javascript Chain.getBlockHash(offset_seq); ``` * Parameter description * offset\_seq: The offset from the last block ranges: \[0,1024). * Example ```javascript let ledger = Chain.getBlockHash(4); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return a string if it succeeds, such as'c2f6892eb934d56076a49f8b01aeb3f635df3d51aaed04ca521da3494451afb3', or return false if it fails */ ``` #### Chain.tlog * Description Output transaction logs. * Function call ```javascript Chain.tlog(topic,args...); ``` * Parameter description * tlog will generate a transaction written on the block. * topic: The log subject, which must be a string type with a parameter length of (0,128]. * args...: It can contain up to 5 parameters, which can be string, numeric or Boolean type, with each parameter length (0,1024]. * Example ```javascript Chain.tlog('transfer',sender +' transfer 1000',true); /* Permission: Write Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails */ ``` #### Chain.getAccountMetadata * Description Get the metadata of the specified account. * Function call ```javascript Chain.getAccountMetadata(account_address, metadata_key); ``` * Parameter description * account\_address: The account address. * metadata\_key: The keyword for metadata. * Example ```javascript let value = Chain.getAccountMetadata('ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE', 'abc'); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return a string if it succeeds, such as 'values', or return false if it fails. */ ``` #### Chain.getBalance * Description Get the coin amount of the account. * Function call ```javascript Chain.getBalance(address); ``` * Parameter description * address: The account address * Example ```javascript let balance = Chain.getBalance('ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE'); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Number in string format '9999111100000' */ ``` #### Chain.getAccountAsset * Description Get asset information for an account * Function call ```javascript Chain.getAccountAsset(account_address, asset_key); ``` * Parameter description * account\_address: The account address. * asset\_key: The asset attributes. * Example ```javascript let asset_key = { 'issuer' : 'ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE', 'code' : 'CNY' }; let bar = Chain.getAccountAsset('ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE', asset_key); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return the asset value such as '10000' if it succeeds, or return false if it fails */ ``` #### Chain.getAccountPrivilege * Description Get privilege info for an account. * Function call ```javascript Chain.getAccountPrivilege(account_address); ``` * Parameter description * account\_address: The account address。 * Example ```javascript let bar = Chain.getAccountPrivilege('ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE'); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: If it succeeds, the permission JSON string is returned, such as' {"master" weight ": 1," thresholds ": '{" TX "threshold": 1}}'. If it fails, the false is returned. */ ``` #### Chain.getContractProperty * Description Get the attributes of the contract account. * Function call ```javascript Chain.getContractProperty(contract_address); ``` * Parameter description * contract\_address: The contract address. * Example ```javascript let value = Chain.getContractProperty('ztxSgCwYLWoCZnP6s2WXtQCwhxuFxhvsr375z'); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return a JSON object such as {"type":0, "length" : 416} if it succeeds, where the type refers to the contract type and the length refers to the code length of the contract, and if the account is not a contract, then the length is 0; return false if it fails. */ ``` #### Chain.payCoin * Description Transfer gas. * Function call ```javascript Chain.payCoin(address, amount[, input]); ``` * Parameter description * address: The target address. * amount: The amount of Gas. * input: Optional, the contract parameter. By default, it is an empty string if it is not filled in. * Example ```javascript Chain.payCoin("ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE", "10000", "{}"); /* Permission: Write Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails */ ``` #### Chain.issueAsset * Description Issue assets. * Function call ```javascript Chain.issueAsset(code, amount); ``` * Parameter description * code: The asset code. * amount: The amount of the asset to be issued. * Example ```javascript Chain.issueAsset("CNY", "10000"); /* Permission: Write Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails */ ``` #### Chain.payAsset * Description Transfer assets * Function call ```javascript Chain.payAsset(address, issuer, code, amount[, input]); ``` * Parameter description * address: The target address. * issuer: The asset issuer. * code: The asset code. * amount: The amount to be transferred. * input: Optional, the contract parameter. By default, it is an empty string if it is not filled in. * Example ```javascript Chain.payAsset("ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE", "ztxSj9kGyXR2YpyxwZVMrnGcLWoG3Hf9qXne8", "CNY", "10000", "{}"); /* Permission: Write Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails */ ``` #### Chain.delegateCall * Description Delegate call. * Function call ```javascript Chain.delegateCall(contractAddress, input); ``` * Parameter description * contractAddress: The address of the contract to be called. * input：Input parameter. The `Chain.delegateCall` function will trigger the `main` function of the contract to be called, and the Chain.delegateCall function will assign the execution environment of the current contract to the contract to be called. * Example ```javascript let ret = Chain.delegateCall('ztxSgGkHuPv6FQUu6C5uWnaqyKJ22bSNrJUCJ'，'{}'); /* Permission: Write Return value: Return a result if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails. */ ``` #### Chain.delegateQuery * Description Delegate query. * Function call ```javascript Chain.delegateQuery(contractAddress, input); ``` * Parameter description * contractAddress: The address of the contract to be called. * input：Input parameter. The `Chain.delegateQuery` function will trigger the `query` function of the contract to be called, and the Chain.delegateQuery function will assign the execution environment of the current contract to the contract to be called. * Example ```javascript let ret = Chain.delegateQuery('ztxSgGkHuPv6FQUu6C5uWnaqyKJ22bSNrJUCJ'，""); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: If the target account is a normal account, it returns true. If the target account is a contract, and the call succeeds, the string {"result":"4"} is returned, where the value of the result field is the specific result of the query, and if the call fails return {"error ":true} string. */ ``` #### Chain.contractCall * Description Call contracts. * Function call ```javascript Chain.contractCall(contractAddress, asset, amount, input); ``` * Parameter description * contractAddress: The address of the contract to be called * asset: The asset class, true for Gas, object {"issue": adxxx, "code" : USDT} for assets. * amount: The amount of the asset. * input：Input parameter. The `Chain.contractCall` function triggers the `main` function entry of the contract to be called. * Example ```javascript let ret = Chain.contractCall('ztxSgGkHuPv6FQUu6C5uWnaqyKJ22bSNrJUCJ'，true, toBaseUnit("10"), ""); /* Permission: Write Return value: Return true if the target account is a normal account. If the target account is a contract, the return value of the main function is returned if the call succeeds, and an exception is thrown if the call fails. */ ``` #### Chain.contractQuery * Description Query contracts. * Function call ```javascript Chain.contractQuery(contractAddress, input); ``` * Parameter description * contractAddress: The address of the contract to be called * input：Input parameter. The `Chain.contractQuery` function will call the `query` interface of the contract. * Example ```javascript let ret = Chain.contractQuery('ztxSgGkHuPv6FQUu6C5uWnaqyKJ22bSNrJUCJ'，""); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: If the call succeeds, the string {"result":"xxx"} is returned, where the value of the result field is the specific result of the query, and if the call fails, return a string of {"error":true}. */ ``` #### Chain.contractCreate * Description Create Contracts. * Function call ```javascript Chain.contractCreate(balance, type, code, input); ``` * Parameter description * balance: The asset that is transferred to the contract created, in string. * type :0 indicates javascript, in integer. * code: The contract code, in string. * input：The initiation parameter of the init function. The `Chain.contractCreate` function create contracts. * Example ```javascript let ret = Chain.contractCreate(toBaseUnit("10"), 0, "'use strict';function init(input){return input;} function main(input){return input;} function query(input){return input;} ", ""); /* Permission: Write Return value: Return the contract address if it is created successfully, or throw an exception if it fails. */ ``` ### Variables of the Chain Object This section outlines key variables provided by the `Chain` object in Zetrix smart contracts, which offer access to contextual blockchain, transaction, and message-level data: #### Chain.block * The `Chain.block` object enables smart contracts to make decisions based on the current blockchain state, ensuring time-sensitive and sequence-sensitive logic executes reliably. **Chain.block.timestamp** * Variable description The timestamp of the block when the current transaction is executed. **Chain.block.number** * Variable description The height of the block where the current transaction is executed. Chain.tx * Variable description The transaction information signed by the user at the time of the transaction. **Chain.tx.initiator** * Variable description The original originator of the transaction, that is the fee payer of the transaction. **Chain.tx.sender** * Variable description The most primitive trigger of the transaction, that is the account in the transaction that triggers the execution of the contract. For example, an account initiates a transaction, and an operation in the transaction is to call the contract Y (the source\_address of the operation is x), then the value of the sender is the address of the account x during the execution of the contract Y. * Example ```javascript let bar = Chain.tx.sender; /* Then the value of bar is the account address of x. */ ``` **Chain.tx.gasPrice** * Variable description The price of the gas in the transaction signature. **Chain.tx.hash** * Variable description The hash value of the transaction. **Chain.tx.feeLimit** * Variable description The limit fee for the transaction. #### Chain.msg A **message** in Zetrix smart contracts refers to the contextual data that initiates contract execution within a transaction. While the **transaction data remains immutable** during execution, the **message object (`Chain.msg`) can be updated** as the contract interacts with other contracts. For instance, when using functions like `Chain.contractCall` or `Chain.contractQuery`, the message context switches to reflect the called contract’s perspective. This allows the contract to correctly process the execution flow and maintain state awareness across inter-contract interactions. **Chain.msg.initiator** * Variable description The original originator account for this message. **Chain.msg.sender** * Variable description The account number for triggering this message. * Example For example, an account initiates a transaction, and an operation in the transaction is to call the contract Y (the source\_address of the operation is x), then the value of the sender is the address of the account x during the execution of the contract Y. ```javascript let bar = Chain.msg.sender; /* Then the value of bar is the account address of x. */ ``` **Chain.msg.coinAmount** * Variable description The Gas for this payment operation **Chain.msg.asset** * Variable description The assets for this payment operation * Example ```json { "amount": 1000, "key" : { "issuer": "ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE", "code":"CNY" } } ``` **Chain.msg.nonce** * Variable description The nonce value of the initiator in this transaction, ie the nonce value of the Chain.msg.initiator account. **Chain.msg.operationIndex** * Variable description The sequence number for triggering this contract calling operation. * Example For example, an account A initiates a transaction tx0, and tx0 has a 0th (counting from 0) operation which is to transfer assets to a contract account (contract call), then the value of `Chain.msg.operationIndex` is 0. ```javascript let bar = Chain.msg.operationIndex; /* bar is a non-negative integer*/ ``` #### Chain.thisAddress * Variable description The address of the current contract account. * Example For example, the account x initiates a transaction to call contract Y. During this execution, the value is the address of the contract account Y. ```js let bar = Chain.msg.thisAddress; /* The value of bar is the account address of the contract Y. */ ``` ### Methods of the Utils Object The `Utils` object in Zetrix smart contracts provides a comprehensive set of utility functions that assist in logging, mathematical operations, cryptographic verification, and data validation. These methods are essential for ensuring accurate, secure, and efficient smart contract execution. The `Utils` object includes the following methods: Utils.log, Utils.stoI64Check, Utils.int64Add, Utils.int64Sub , Utils.int64Mul, Utils.int64Mod, Utils.int64Div, Utils.int64Compare, Utils.assert, Utils.sha256, Utils.ecVerify, Utils.toBaseUnit, Utils.addressCheck and Utils.toAddress. #### Utils.log * Description * `Utils.log(message)`: Outputs logs for debugging purposes during contract execution. * Function call ```javascript Utils.log(info); ``` * Parameter description * info: The log content. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.log('hello'); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: If it succeeds, no value will be returned, and a snippet of Trace log will be output in the process of executing the contract, such as V8contract log[adxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE:hello], or return false if it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.stoI256Check * Description Legal check for string numerics. * Function call ```javascript Utils.stoI256Check(strNumber); ``` * Parameter description * strNumber: String numeric parameter * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.stoI256Check('12345678912345'); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.int256Add * Description 256-bit addition. * Function call ```javascript Utils.int256Add(left_value, right_value); ``` * Parameter description * left\_value: Left value. * right\_value: Right value. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.int256Add('12345678912345', 1); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return a string if it succeeds, such as '12345678912346', or throw an exception if it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.int256Sub * Description 256-bit subtraction. * Function call ```javascript Utils.int256Sub(left_value, right_value); ``` * Parameter description * left\_value: Left value. * right\_value：Right value. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.int256Sub('12345678912345', 1); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return a string such as '12345678912344' if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.int256Mul * Description 256-bit multiplication. * Function call ```javascript Utils.int256Mul(left_value, right_value); ``` * Parameter description * left\_value: Left value. * right\_value：Right value. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.int256Mul('12345678912345', 2); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return a string such as '24691357824690' if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.int256Mod * Description 256-bit modulo. * Function call ```javascript Utils.int256Mod(left_value, right_value); ``` * Parameter description * left\_value: Left value. * right\_value: Right value. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.int256Mod('12345678912345', 2); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return a string such as '1' if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.int256Div * Description 256-bit division. * Function call ```javascript Utils.int256Div(left_value, right_value); ``` * Parameter description * left\_value: Left value. * right\_value: Right value. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.int256Div('12345678912345', 2); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return '6172839456172' if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.int256Compare * Description 256-bit comparison. * Function call ```javascript Utils.int256Compare(left_value, right_value); ``` * Parameter description * left\_value: Left value. * right\_value: Right value. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.int256Compare('12345678912345', 2); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return 1 if it succeeds (the left value is greater than the right value), or throw an exception if it fails. */ ``` * Return value 1: left value is greater than right value, 0: left value equals to right value, -1: left value less than right value. #### Utils.assert * Description 256 assertion. * Function call ```javascript Utils.assert(condition[, message]); ``` * Parameter description * condition: Assertive variable * message: Optional, an exception message is thrown when it fails * Example ```javascript Utils.assert(1===1, "Not valid"); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails */ ``` #### Utils.sha256 * Description sha256 computation. * Function call ```javascript Utils.sha256(data[, dataType]); ``` * Parameter description * data: The raw data of the hash to be calculated. According to the dataType, fill in the data in different formats. * dataType: The data type, integer, optional field, by default is 0. 0: base16 encoded string, such as "61626364"; 1: ordinary original string, such as "abcd"; 2: base64 encoded string, such as "YWJjZA==". If you are calculating binary data, it is recommended to use base16 or base64 encoding. * Return value Return a base16 encoded string if it succeeds, or return false if it fails. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.sha256('61626364'); /* Permission: Read-only Function: Right Return value: Return a 64-byte base16 string if it succeeds, such as '88d4266fd4e6338d13b845fcf289579d209c897823b9217da3e161936f031589', or return false it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.ecVerify * Description Check if the signature is legal. * Function call ```javascript Utils.ecVerify(signedData, publicKey,blobData [, blobDataType]); ``` * Parameter description * signedData: The signature data, a string encoded by base16. * publicKey: The public key, a string encoded by base16. * blobData: The raw data, fill in different formats of data per blobDataType. * blobDataType: The blobData type, integer, optional field, the default is 0. 0: base16 encoded string, such as "61626364"; 1: ordinary original string, such as "abcd"; 2: base64 encoded string, such as "YWJjZA==". If you are verifying binary data, it is recommended to use base16 or base64 encoding. * Return value Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.ecVerify('3471aceac411975bb83a22d7a0f0499b4bfcb504e937d29bb11ea263b5f657badb40714850a1209a0940d1ccbcfc095c4b2d38a7160a824a6f9ba11f743ad80a', 'b0014e28b305b56ae3062b2cee32ea5b9f3eccd6d738262c656b56af14a3823b76c2a4adda3c', 'abcd', 1); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails */ ``` #### Utils.toBaseUnit * Description Transform the unit. * Function call ```javascript Utils.toBaseUnit(value); ``` * Parameter description * value: The converted number, only string is allowed to pass in, and it can contain a decimal point, which allows up to 6 digits after the decimal point. * Return value Return a string multiplied by 10^6 if it succeeds or return false if it fails. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.toBaseUnit('12345678912'); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return a string '1234567891200000000' if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.addressCheck * Description Address legality check. * Function call ```javascript Utils.addressCheck(address); ``` * Parameter description * address The address parameter in string. * Return value Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.addressCheck('ztxSj9kGyXR2YpyxwZVMrnGcLWoG3Hf9qXne8'); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.toAddress * Description Transform a public key to an address. * Function call ```javascript Utils.toAddress(public_key); ``` * Parameter description * public\_key The public key, a base16 encoded string * Return value Return the account address if it succeeds, or return false if it fails. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.toAddress('b0016ebe6191f2eb73a4f62880b2874cae1191183f50e1b18b23fcf40b75b7cd5745d671d1c8'); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return "adxSkMvC2RcvXLpDgXBJCSb4m9mPe8gpNDKAG" if it succeeds, or return false if it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.bcRangeProofVerify * Description Verifying the certificate for scope (for privacy protection). * Function call ```javascript Utils.bcRangeProofVerify(commit, proof); ``` * Parameter description * commit, 66 bit Pedersen commitment string * proof, Range proof string, variable length * Return value Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.bpRangeProofVerify('097ff10254037114cae985f044189a3faa044ac32c26ffadc0f08dc4b81a536638', '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'); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails. */ ``` #### Utils.pedersenTallyVerify * Description Verifying the equal for Output and input (for privacy protection). * Function call ```javascript Utils.pedersenTallyVerify(input_commits, output_commits, excess_msg, excess_sig); ``` * Parameter description * input\_commits, Enter Pedersen commitment list, JSON array * output\_commits, Output Pedersen commitment list, JSON array * excess\_msg, Message to be signed, 32-bit string, no encoding requirements * excess\_sig, Signature result string of transaction core (input minus output remainder) * Return value Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails. * Example ```javascript let ret = Utils.pedersenTallyVerify(['08aab3b3c403129887d1f5932565c0fd9ef7b8d562de6eb0b6eb64c1b7396d268a'], ['08a64f2ed7be3940dfb5b76b450418524df48837595c98698dbe191708cb911c40', '09c28bb504d0c4e4ea4f19e3041a90b608aada114fab1786175ffaefd5fe6c0d3b'], 'b649bd965a5126984cc785cbeb1ef053', '304402202345c4e1f4efd8bfdb77681e7d638f9a8f29f473e47a698c56eeab3fe3bc278502206bbdf0db0e04bafa4a88c0382b9b600e72976fceeaa9129cb257a82a89ee52fb'); /* Permission: Read-only Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails. */ ``` ### **Exception Handling in Zetrix Smart Contracts** Zetrix smart contracts use JavaScript-style exception handling. When an exception occurs and is not caught during execution, it triggers specific failure behavior defined by the blockchain environment. **JavaScript Exceptions** * If an **uncaught exception** occurs during contract execution: * The **entire contract execution fails**. * **All state changes and transactions** initiated by the contract are **reverted**—nothing takes effect. * The transaction that triggered the contract is marked as **failed**, and an error code **151** is returned to indicate the failure. **Transactional Integrity** * A contract may initiate **multiple internal transactions** (e.g., transfers, state updates). * If **any single transaction** within the contract fails, it throws an exception. * This causes the **entire contract execution to abort**, and all previous operations in that call are **rolled back**, ensuring atomicity. **Implication** * Developers must use `try-catch` logic and proper assertions (`Utils.assert`) to validate conditions and handle potential failures gracefully. * Failing to do so will result in complete transaction failure, impacting contract reliability and user experience. This strict exception handling ensures **consistency, security, and predictability** in the Zetrix smart contract environment. --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter: ``` GET https://docs.zetrix.com/en/developer-resources/smart-contract/api-references.md?ask= ``` The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.