API References

Methods of the Chain Object

This section describes some methods of the Chain object, including:

Chain.load, Chain.store, Chain.del, Chain.getBlockHash, Chain.tlog, Chain.getAccountMetadata, Chain.getBalance, Chain.getAccountAsset, Chain.getContractProperty, Chain.payCoin, Chain.issueAsset, Chain.payAsset, Chain.delegateCall, Chain.delegateQuery, Chain.contractCall, Chain.contractQuery, and Chain.contractCreate.

Chain.load

Description
Get the metadata information of the contract account.
Function call

Chain.load(metadata_key);

Parameter description
- Metadata_key: The keyword for metadata.

Example

let value = Chain.load('abc');
/*
  
  Permission: Read-only.
  Return value: Return a string if it succeeds, such as 'values'; return false if it fails.
*/

Chain.store

Description
Store the metadata information of the contract account.

Function call

Chain.store(metadata_key, metadata_value);

Parameter description
- metadata_key: The keyword for metadata.
- metadata_key: The content of metadata.

Example

Chain.store('abc', 'values');
/*
  Permission: Write
  Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails
*/

Chain.del

Description
Delete the metadata information of the contract account.
Function call
```
Chain.del(metadata_key);
```
Parameter description
- metadata_key: The keyword for metadata.
- metadata_key: The metadata content.

Example

Chain.del('abc');
/*
  Permission: Write
  Return: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails
*/

Chain.getBlockHash

Description
Get block information.
Function call
```
Chain.getBlockHash(offset_seq);
```
Parameter description
- offset_seq: The offset from the last block ranges: [0,1024).

Example

let ledger = Chain.getBlockHash(4);
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return a string if it succeeds, such as'c2f6892eb934d56076a49f8b01aeb3f635df3d51aaed04ca521da3494451afb3', or return false if it fails
*/

Chain.tlog

Description
Output transaction logs.
Function call
```
Chain.tlog(topic,args...);
```
Parameter description
- tlog will generate a transaction written on the block.
- topic: The log subject, which must be a string type with a parameter length of (0,128].
- args...: It can contain up to 5 parameters, which can be string, numeric or Boolean type, with each parameter length (0,1024].

Example

Chain.tlog('transfer',sender +' transfer 1000',true);
/*
  Permission: Write
  Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails
*/

Chain.getAccountMetadata

Description
Get the metadata of the specified account.

Function call

Chain.getAccountMetadata(account_address, metadata_key);

Parameter description
- account_address: The account address.
- metadata_key: The keyword for metadata.

Example

let value = Chain.getAccountMetadata('ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE', 'abc');

/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return a string if it succeeds, such as 'values', or return false if it fails.
*/

Chain.getBalance

Description
Get the coin amount of the account.
Function call
```
Chain.getBalance(address);
```
Parameter description
- address: The account address

Example

let balance = Chain.getBalance('ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE');
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Number in string format '9999111100000'
*/

Chain.getAccountAsset

Description
Get asset information for an account

Function call

Chain.getAccountAsset(account_address, asset_key);

Parameter description
- account_address: The account address.
- asset_key: The asset attributes.

Example

let asset_key =
{
  'issuer' : 'ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE',
  'code' : 'CNY'
};
let bar = Chain.getAccountAsset('ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE', asset_key);

/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return the asset value such as '10000' if it succeeds, or return false if it fails
*/

Chain.getAccountPrivilege

Description
Get privilege info for an account.

Function call

Chain.getAccountPrivilege(account_address);

Parameter description
- account_address: The account address。

Example

let bar = Chain.getAccountPrivilege('ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE');

/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: If it succeeds, the permission JSON string is returned, such as' {"master" weight ": 1," thresholds ": '{" TX "threshold": 1}}'. If it fails, the false is returned.
*/

Chain.getContractProperty

Description
Get the attributes of the contract account.

Function call

Chain.getContractProperty(contract_address);

Parameter description
- contract_address: The contract address.

Example

let value = Chain.getContractProperty('ztxSgCwYLWoCZnP6s2WXtQCwhxuFxhvsr375z');

/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return a JSON object such as {"type":0, "length" : 416} if it succeeds, where the type refers to the contract type and the length refers to the code length of the contract, and if the account is not a contract, then the length is 0; return false if it fails.
  
*/

Chain.payCoin

Description
Transfer gas.

Function call

Chain.payCoin(address, amount[, input]);

Parameter description
- address: The target address.
- amount: The amount of Gas.
- input: Optional, the contract parameter. By default, it is an empty string if it is not filled in.

Example

Chain.payCoin("ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE", "10000", "{}");
/*
  Permission: Write
  Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails  
*/

Chain.issueAsset

Description
Issue assets.
Function call
```
Chain.issueAsset(code, amount);
```
Parameter description
- code: The asset code.
- amount: The amount of the asset to be issued.

Example

Chain.issueAsset("CNY", "10000");
/*
  Permission: Write
  Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails  
*/

Chain.payAsset

Description
Transfer assets

Function call

Chain.payAsset(address, issuer, code, amount[, input]);

Parameter description
- address: The target address.
- issuer: The asset issuer.
- code: The asset code.
- amount: The amount to be transferred.
- input: Optional, the contract parameter. By default, it is an empty string if it is not filled in.

Example

Chain.payAsset("ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE", "ztxSj9kGyXR2YpyxwZVMrnGcLWoG3Hf9qXne8", "CNY", "10000", "{}");
/*
  Permission: Write
  Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails    
*/

Chain.delegateCall

Description
Delegate call.

Function call

Chain.delegateCall(contractAddress, input);

Parameter description
- contractAddress: The address of the contract to be called.
- input：Input parameter.
The Chain.delegateCall function will trigger the main function of the contract to be called, and the Chain.delegateCall function will assign the execution environment of the current contract to the contract to be called.

Example

let ret = Chain.delegateCall('ztxSgGkHuPv6FQUu6C5uWnaqyKJ22bSNrJUCJ'，'{}');
/*
  Permission: Write
  Return value: Return a result if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails.
*/

Chain.delegateQuery

Description
Delegate query.

Function call

Chain.delegateQuery(contractAddress, input);

Parameter description
- contractAddress: The address of the contract to be called.
- input：Input parameter.
The Chain.delegateQuery function will trigger the query function of the contract to be called, and the Chain.delegateQuery function will assign the execution environment of the current contract to the contract to be called.

Example

let ret = Chain.delegateQuery('ztxSgGkHuPv6FQUu6C5uWnaqyKJ22bSNrJUCJ'，"");
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: If the target account is a normal account, it returns true. If the target account is a contract, and the call succeeds, the string {"result":"4"} is returned, where the value of the result field is the specific result of the query, and if the call fails return {"error ":true} string.
*/

Chain.contractCall

Description
Call contracts.

Function call

Chain.contractCall(contractAddress, asset, amount, input);

Parameter description
- contractAddress: The address of the contract to be called
- asset: The asset class, true for Gas, object {"issue": adxxx, "code" : USDT} for assets.
- amount: The amount of the asset.
- input：Input parameter.
The Chain.contractCall function triggers the main function entry of the contract to be called.

Example

let ret = Chain.contractCall('ztxSgGkHuPv6FQUu6C5uWnaqyKJ22bSNrJUCJ'，true, toBaseUnit("10"), "");
/*
  Permission: Write
  Return value: Return true if the target account is a normal account. If the target account is a contract, the return value of the main function is returned if the call succeeds, and an exception is thrown if the call fails.
*/

Chain.contractQuery

Description
Query contracts.

Function call

Chain.contractQuery(contractAddress, input);

Parameter description
- contractAddress: The address of the contract to be called
- input：Input parameter.
The Chain.contractQuery function will call the query interface of the contract.

Example

let ret = Chain.contractQuery('ztxSgGkHuPv6FQUu6C5uWnaqyKJ22bSNrJUCJ'，"");
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: If the call succeeds, the string {"result":"xxx"} is returned, where the value of the result field is the specific result of the query, and if the call fails, return a string of {"error":true}.
*/

Chain.contractCreate

Description
Create Contracts.

Function call

Chain.contractCreate(balance, type, code, input);

Parameter description
- balance: The asset that is transferred to the contract created, in string.
- type :0 indicates javascript, in integer.
- code: The contract code, in string.
- input：The initiation parameter of the init function.
The Chain.contractCreate function create contracts.

Example

let ret = Chain.contractCreate(toBaseUnit("10"), 0, "'use strict';function init(input){return input;} function main(input){return input;} function query(input){return input;} ", "");
/*
  Permission: Write
  Return value: Return the contract address if it is created successfully, or throw an exception if it fails.
*/

Variables of the Chain Object

This section outlines key variables provided by the Chain object in Zetrix smart contracts, which offer access to contextual blockchain, transaction, and message-level data:

Chain.block

The Chain.block object enables smart contracts to make decisions based on the current blockchain state, ensuring time-sensitive and sequence-sensitive logic executes reliably.

Chain.block.timestamp

Variable description
The timestamp of the block when the current transaction is executed.

Chain.block.number

Variable description
The height of the block where the current transaction is executed.

Chain.tx

Variable description
The transaction information signed by the user at the time of the transaction.

Chain.tx.initiator

Variable description
The original originator of the transaction, that is the fee payer of the transaction.

Chain.tx.sender

Variable description
The most primitive trigger of the transaction, that is the account in the transaction that triggers the execution of the contract. For example, an account initiates a transaction, and an operation in the transaction is to call the contract Y (the source_address of the operation is x), then the value of the sender is the address of the account x during the execution of the contract Y.

Example

let bar = Chain.tx.sender;
/*  
 Then the value of bar is the account address of x.
*/

Chain.tx.gasPrice

Variable description
The price of the gas in the transaction signature.

Chain.tx.hash

Variable description
The hash value of the transaction.

Chain.tx.feeLimit

Variable description
The limit fee for the transaction.

Chain.msg

A message in Zetrix smart contracts refers to the contextual data that initiates contract execution within a transaction. While the transaction data remains immutable during execution, the message object (Chain.msg) can be updated as the contract interacts with other contracts. For instance, when using functions like Chain.contractCall or Chain.contractQuery, the message context switches to reflect the called contract’s perspective. This allows the contract to correctly process the execution flow and maintain state awareness across inter-contract interactions.

Chain.msg.initiator

Variable description
The original originator account for this message.

Chain.msg.sender

Variable description
The account number for triggering this message.
Example
For example, an account initiates a transaction, and an operation in the transaction is to call the contract Y (the source_address of the operation is x), then the value of the sender is the address of the account x during the execution of the contract Y.
```
let bar = Chain.msg.sender;
/*
Then the value of bar is the account address of x.
*/
```

Chain.msg.coinAmount

Variable description
The Gas for this payment operation

Chain.msg.asset

Variable description
The assets for this payment operation

Example

{
    "amount": 1000, 
    "key" : {
        "issuer": "ztxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE", 
        "code":"CNY"
    }
}

Chain.msg.nonce

Variable description
The nonce value of the initiator in this transaction, ie the nonce value of the Chain.msg.initiator account.

Chain.msg.operationIndex

Variable description
The sequence number for triggering this contract calling operation.
Example
For example, an account A initiates a transaction tx0, and tx0 has a 0th (counting from 0) operation which is to transfer assets to a contract account (contract call), then the value of Chain.msg.operationIndex is 0.
```
let bar = Chain.msg.operationIndex;
/* bar is a non-negative integer*/
```

Chain.thisAddress

Variable description
The address of the current contract account.
Example
For example, the account x initiates a transaction to call contract Y. During this execution, the value is the address of the contract account Y.
```
let bar = Chain.msg.thisAddress;
/*
 The value of bar is the account address of the contract Y.
*/
```

Methods of the Utils Object

The Utils object in Zetrix smart contracts provides a comprehensive set of utility functions that assist in logging, mathematical operations, cryptographic verification, and data validation. These methods are essential for ensuring accurate, secure, and efficient smart contract execution. The Utils object includes the following methods:

Utils.log, Utils.stoI64Check, Utils.int64Add, Utils.int64Sub , Utils.int64Mul, Utils.int64Mod, Utils.int64Div, Utils.int64Compare, Utils.assert, Utils.sha256, Utils.ecVerify, Utils.toBaseUnit, Utils.addressCheck and Utils.toAddress.

Utils.log

Description
- Utils.log(message): Outputs logs for debugging purposes during contract execution.
Function call
```
Utils.log(info);
```
Parameter description
- info: The log content.

Example

let ret = Utils.log('hello');
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: If it succeeds, no value will be returned, and a snippet of Trace log will be output in the process of executing the contract, such as V8contract log[adxSnBFboATCEgbiDRYS7gfbe1XRsTPWJhCFE:hello], or return false if it fails.
*/

Utils.stoI256Check

Description
Legal check for string numerics.
Function call
```
Utils.stoI256Check(strNumber);
```
Parameter description
- strNumber: String numeric parameter

Example

let ret = Utils.stoI256Check('12345678912345');
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails.
*/

Utils.int256Add

Description
256-bit addition.

Function call

Utils.int256Add(left_value, right_value);

Parameter description
- left_value: Left value.
- right_value: Right value.

Example

let ret = Utils.int256Add('12345678912345', 1);
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return a string if it succeeds, such as '12345678912346', or throw an exception if it fails.
*/

Utils.int256Sub

Description
256-bit subtraction.

Function call

Utils.int256Sub(left_value, right_value);

Parameter description
- left_value: Left value.
- right_value：Right value.

Example

let ret = Utils.int256Sub('12345678912345', 1);
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return a string such as '12345678912344' if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails.
*/

Utils.int256Mul

Description
256-bit multiplication.

Function call

Utils.int256Mul(left_value, right_value);

Parameter description
- left_value: Left value.
- right_value：Right value.

Example

let ret = Utils.int256Mul('12345678912345', 2);
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return a string such as '24691357824690' if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails.
*/

Utils.int256Mod

Description
256-bit modulo.

Function call

Utils.int256Mod(left_value, right_value);

Parameter description
- left_value: Left value.
- right_value: Right value.

Example

let ret = Utils.int256Mod('12345678912345', 2);
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return a string such as '1' if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails.
*/

Utils.int256Div

Description
256-bit division.

Function call

Utils.int256Div(left_value, right_value);

Parameter description
- left_value: Left value.
- right_value: Right value.

Example

let ret = Utils.int256Div('12345678912345', 2);
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return '6172839456172' if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails.
*/

Utils.int256Compare

Description
256-bit comparison.

Function call

Utils.int256Compare(left_value, right_value);

Parameter description
- left_value: Left value.
- right_value: Right value.

Example

let ret = Utils.int256Compare('12345678912345', 2);
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return 1 if it succeeds (the left value is greater than the right value), or throw an exception if it fails.
*/

Return value
1: left value is greater than right value, 0: left value equals to right value, -1: left value less than right value.

Utils.assert

Description
256 assertion.
Function call
```
Utils.assert(condition[, message]);
```
Parameter description
- condition: Assertive variable
- message: Optional, an exception message is thrown when it fails

Example

Utils.assert(1===1, "Not valid");
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails  
*/

Utils.sha256

Description
sha256 computation.
Function call
```
Utils.sha256(data[, dataType]);
```
Parameter description
- data: The raw data of the hash to be calculated. According to the dataType, fill in the data in different formats.
- dataType: The data type, integer, optional field, by default is 0. 0: base16 encoded string, such as "61626364"; 1: ordinary original string, such as "abcd"; 2: base64 encoded string, such as "YWJjZA==". If you are calculating binary data, it is recommended to use base16 or base64 encoding.
Return value
Return a base16 encoded string if it succeeds, or return false if it fails.

Example

let ret = Utils.sha256('61626364');
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Function: Right
  Return value: Return a 64-byte base16 string if it succeeds, such as '88d4266fd4e6338d13b845fcf289579d209c897823b9217da3e161936f031589', or return false it fails.
*/

Utils.ecVerify

Description
Check if the signature is legal.

Function call

Utils.ecVerify(signedData, publicKey,blobData [, blobDataType]);

Parameter description
- signedData: The signature data, a string encoded by base16.
- publicKey: The public key, a string encoded by base16.
- blobData: The raw data, fill in different formats of data per blobDataType.
- blobDataType: The blobData type, integer, optional field, the default is 0. 0: base16 encoded string, such as "61626364"; 1: ordinary original string, such as "abcd"; 2: base64 encoded string, such as "YWJjZA==". If you are verifying binary data, it is recommended to use base16 or base64 encoding.
Return value
Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails.

Example

let ret = Utils.ecVerify('3471aceac411975bb83a22d7a0f0499b4bfcb504e937d29bb11ea263b5f657badb40714850a1209a0940d1ccbcfc095c4b2d38a7160a824a6f9ba11f743ad80a', 'b0014e28b305b56ae3062b2cee32ea5b9f3eccd6d738262c656b56af14a3823b76c2a4adda3c', 'abcd', 1);
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails
*/

Utils.toBaseUnit

Description

Transform the unit.

Function call
```
Utils.toBaseUnit(value);
```
Parameter description
- value: The converted number, only string is allowed to pass in, and it can contain a decimal point, which allows up to 6 digits after the decimal point.
Return value
Return a string multiplied by 10^6 if it succeeds or return false if it fails.

Example

let ret = Utils.toBaseUnit('12345678912');
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return a string '1234567891200000000' if it succeeds, or throw an exception if it fails.
*/

Utils.addressCheck

Description
Address legality check.
Function call
```
Utils.addressCheck(address);
```
Parameter description
- address The address parameter in string.
Return value
Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails.

Example

let ret = Utils.addressCheck('ztxSj9kGyXR2YpyxwZVMrnGcLWoG3Hf9qXne8');
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails.
*/

Utils.toAddress

Description
Transform a public key to an address.
Function call
```
Utils.toAddress(public_key);
```
Parameter description
- public_key The public key, a base16 encoded string
Return value
Return the account address if it succeeds, or return false if it fails.

Example

let ret = Utils.toAddress('b0016ebe6191f2eb73a4f62880b2874cae1191183f50e1b18b23fcf40b75b7cd5745d671d1c8');
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return "adxSkMvC2RcvXLpDgXBJCSb4m9mPe8gpNDKAG" if it succeeds, or return false if it fails.
*/

Utils.bcRangeProofVerify

Description
Verifying the certificate for scope (for privacy protection).

Function call

Utils.bcRangeProofVerify(commit, proof);

Parameter description
- commit, 66 bit Pedersen commitment string
- proof, Range proof string, variable length
Return value
Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails.

Example

let ret = Utils.bpRangeProofVerify('097ff10254037114cae985f044189a3faa044ac32c26ffadc0f08dc4b81a536638', '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');
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails.
*/

Utils.pedersenTallyVerify

Description
Verifying the equal for Output and input (for privacy protection).

Function call

Utils.pedersenTallyVerify(input_commits, output_commits, excess_msg, excess_sig);

Parameter description
- input_commits, Enter Pedersen commitment list, JSON array
- output_commits, Output Pedersen commitment list, JSON array
- excess_msg, Message to be signed, 32-bit string, no encoding requirements
- excess_sig, Signature result string of transaction core (input minus output remainder)
Return value
Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails.

Example

let ret = Utils.pedersenTallyVerify(['08aab3b3c403129887d1f5932565c0fd9ef7b8d562de6eb0b6eb64c1b7396d268a'], ['08a64f2ed7be3940dfb5b76b450418524df48837595c98698dbe191708cb911c40', '09c28bb504d0c4e4ea4f19e3041a90b608aada114fab1786175ffaefd5fe6c0d3b'], 'b649bd965a5126984cc785cbeb1ef053', '304402202345c4e1f4efd8bfdb77681e7d638f9a8f29f473e47a698c56eeab3fe3bc278502206bbdf0db0e04bafa4a88c0382b9b600e72976fceeaa9129cb257a82a89ee52fb');
/*
  Permission: Read-only
  Return value: Return true if it succeeds, or return false if it fails.
*/

Exception Handling in Zetrix Smart Contracts

Zetrix smart contracts use JavaScript-style exception handling. When an exception occurs and is not caught during execution, it triggers specific failure behavior defined by the blockchain environment.

JavaScript Exceptions

If an uncaught exception occurs during contract execution:
- The entire contract execution fails.
- All state changes and transactions initiated by the contract are reverted—nothing takes effect.
- The transaction that triggered the contract is marked as failed, and an error code 151 is returned to indicate the failure.

Transactional Integrity

A contract may initiate multiple internal transactions (e.g., transfers, state updates).
If any single transaction within the contract fails, it throws an exception.
This causes the entire contract execution to abort, and all previous operations in that call are rolled back, ensuring atomicity.

Implication

Developers must use try-catch logic and proper assertions (Utils.assert) to validate conditions and handle potential failures gracefully.
Failing to do so will result in complete transaction failure, impacting contract reliability and user experience.

This strict exception handling ensures consistency, security, and predictability in the Zetrix smart contract environment.

PreviousSmart Contract NextZTP Standard

Last updated 7 months ago

hashtagMethods of the Chain Object

hashtagChain.load

hashtagChain.store

hashtagChain.del

hashtagChain.getBlockHash

hashtagChain.tlog

hashtagChain.getAccountMetadata

hashtagChain.getBalance

hashtagChain.getAccountAsset

hashtagChain.getAccountPrivilege

hashtagChain.getContractProperty

hashtagChain.payCoin

hashtagChain.issueAsset

hashtagChain.payAsset

hashtagChain.delegateCall

hashtagChain.delegateQuery

hashtagChain.contractCall

hashtagChain.contractQuery

hashtagChain.contractCreate

hashtagVariables of the Chain Object

hashtagChain.block

hashtagChain.msg

hashtagChain.thisAddress

hashtagMethods of the Utils Object

hashtagUtils.log

hashtagUtils.stoI256Check

hashtagUtils.int256Add

hashtagUtils.int256Sub

hashtagUtils.int256Mul

hashtagUtils.int256Mod

hashtagUtils.int256Div

hashtagUtils.int256Compare

hashtagUtils.assert

hashtagUtils.sha256

hashtagUtils.ecVerify

hashtagUtils.toBaseUnit

hashtagUtils.addressCheck

hashtagUtils.toAddress

hashtagUtils.bcRangeProofVerify

hashtagUtils.pedersenTallyVerify

hashtagException Handling in Zetrix Smart Contracts

Methods of the Chain Object

Chain.load

Chain.store

Chain.del

Chain.getBlockHash

Chain.tlog

Chain.getAccountMetadata

Chain.getBalance

Chain.getAccountAsset

Chain.getAccountPrivilege

Chain.getContractProperty

Chain.payCoin

Chain.issueAsset

Chain.payAsset

Chain.delegateCall

Chain.delegateQuery

Chain.contractCall

Chain.contractQuery

Chain.contractCreate

Variables of the Chain Object

Chain.block

Chain.msg

Chain.thisAddress

Methods of the Utils Object

Utils.log

Utils.stoI256Check

Utils.int256Add

Utils.int256Sub

Utils.int256Mul

Utils.int256Mod

Utils.int256Div

Utils.int256Compare

Utils.assert

Utils.sha256

Utils.ecVerify

Utils.toBaseUnit

Utils.addressCheck

Utils.toAddress

Utils.bcRangeProofVerify

Utils.pedersenTallyVerify

Exception Handling in Zetrix Smart Contracts